MEANS OF IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND PROTECTION FROM THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL FIELDS IN THE PROCESS OF BUILDING RESTORATION

Abstract

The possibilities of creating a composite material for simultaneous blocking of infrared radiation and shielding of electromagnetic and acoustic fields of wide frequency ranges have been investigated. The model material is made on the basis of latex (matrix) and finely dispersed fillers of basalt and flaky graphite. The basalt component contains 18–20 % ferromagnets, which provides shielding of the magnetic component of the electromagnetic field. A calculation tool is provided that allows preliminary determination of the magnetic and electrophysical properties of the composition and assessment of thermal resistance. It has been experimentally established that a material with a thickness of 10 mm is suitable for blocking infrared radiation. At this thickness, its thermal resistance is close to that of mineral wool with a thickness of 50 mm. It has been shown that with a material thickness of 4 mm, there is a sharp increase in the shielding coefficient of the magnetic component of the industrial frequency electromagnetic field. The increase in the shielding coefficient of the 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field with increasing material thickness is more monotonous. At thicknesses greater than 4 mm, the shielding efficiency is sufficient for any external field intensity. Noise reduction indices in octave frequency bands were investigated. For low frequencies of the sound spectrum, they are 4–20 dB, for medium and high frequencies – 34–46 dB. This result is close to the efficiency of porous noise-reducing materials. To develop industrial technology for the production of protective composite material with the achieved quality indicators, it is necessary to select a material with a relative dielectric permeability of 34–40, which corresponds to the dielectric permeabilities of latexes.